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Cynanchum laeve : ウィキペディア英語版 | Cynanchum laeve
''Cynanchum laeve'' is a vining perennial herb native to eastern and central U.S. states and Ontario. Common names include honeyvine, honeyvine milkweed, bluevine milkweed, climbing milkweed, and smooth swallow-wort. Like bindweed and some other members of the Convolvulaceae, ''Cynanchum laeve'' is a twining vine with heart-shaped leaves common in roadsides, fence rows, fields, and disturbed areas. However, ''C. laeve'' is easily recognized as a member of the Milkweed family by its opposite leave placement, milky sap and distinctive flowers and "milkweed pods." The seeds are wind dispersed and can travel long distances.〔(Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses: Honeyvine Milkweed )〕 ''Cynanchum laeve'' is considered a noxious weed in several states,〔USDA, NRCS. 2011. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CYLA, 19 June 2011). National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC 27401-4901 USA.〕 and can be very difficult to eradicate from fields because of its deep, extensive root system.〔(Kansas Wildflowers and Grasses: Honeyvine Milkweed )〕 Like many other milkweed species, ''C. laeve'' contains toxic cardenolide alkaloids,〔Burrows, G. E.; Tyrl, R. J., 2001. "Toxic plants of North America." Iowa State Univ Press, Ames. As referenced in the (FDA Poisonous Plant Database )〕 and is a food plant for the caterpillars of Monarch butterflies.〔(Kansas Native Plants: Butterfly Gardening )〕 Synonymous plant names include ''Ampelamus albidus'' (Nutt.) Britton, ''Ampelamus laevis'' (Michx.) Krings, and ''Gonolobus laevis'' Michx. ==References==
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